What is icewine and how is it made?
Icewine is a sweet dessert wine produced from grapes that have naturally frozen on the vine. Harvested in winter temperatures below -8°C, the frozen grapes are pressed while still frozen, yielding concentrated juice as the water remains frozen. This results in a naturally sweet wine with intense flavors and crisp acidity. The process is labor-intensive and highly regulated in Canada, requiring specific weather conditions that make each vintage unique.
Why is Canadian icewine so special?
Canadian icewine is considered "liquid gold" because Canada's climate, particularly in Ontario, allows for consistent annual production unlike other regions. The country's strict VQA regulations ensure exceptional quality, requiring grapes to freeze naturally on the vine. Since Inniskillin's 1989 Vidal Icewine won a prestigious award in 1991, Canadian icewines have gained international acclaim for their intense flavors, perfect balance of sweetness and acidity, and remarkable complexity.
What grape varieties are used for icewine?
The most common grape varieties for Canadian icewine are Vidal Blanc, Riesling, and Cabernet Franc. Vidal dominates with tropical fruit notes and honey characteristics. Riesling produces icewines with racier acidity and citrus profiles. Cabernet Franc creates unique red icewines with strawberry and rhubarb flavors. Other varieties include Gewürztraminer, Chardonnay, and Merlot. Each grape contributes distinct characteristics to the finished wine.
How should icewine be served?
Icewine should be served chilled at 10-12°C (50-54°F) in a traditional white wine glass to fully appreciate its aromatic qualities. While often enjoyed as a dessert wine, it's also excellent as an aperitif or afternoon treat. A standard serving is about 2 ounces (60ml) due to its sweetness and intensity. Once opened, store the bottle in the refrigerator and consume within 3-5 days for optimal flavor.
What foods pair well with icewine?
Icewine pairs wonderfully with blue cheeses like Roquefort or Stilton, as the saltiness balances the sweetness. It complements foie gras and rich pâtés beautifully. For desserts, choose options less sweet than the wine—fresh fruit tarts, lemon desserts, or vanilla panna cotta work well. Spicy Asian cuisine and salty nuts also create excellent contrasts. Remember that icewine should be sweeter than any dessert it accompanies.
How long can icewine be stored?
Properly stored icewine can age beautifully for 10+ years. Keep bottles in a cool, dark place at a constant temperature (around 12-15°C). Store horizontally if using natural cork closures to keep the cork moist. As icewine ages, its color deepens and flavors evolve from fresh fruit to honey, caramel, and nuts. The high sugar and acid content act as natural preservatives, allowing these wines to improve with time.
Are there different styles of icewine?
Yes, icewine comes in several styles. Traditional still icewines can be white or red depending on the grape variety. Sparkling icewine offers bubbles with concentrated sweetness. Some producers create innovative variations like pear ice or maple icewine. The style also varies by region—Niagara Peninsula icewines often show rich tropical notes, while Okanagan Valley versions may display more mineral characteristics. Each producer's approach creates unique expressions.
